Diagnosis of medical emergencies at children

Beginning

Diseases

Diagnosis

MEDICAL EMERGENCIES

State	Symptom complex
369 Acute anaphylaxis	Sharp weakness Constraint in a breast Dizziness Sensation of fear The hyperemia of the person which is quickly replaced pallor Cold sweat Mydriasis The speeded-up noisy breath Spasms Threadlike pulse Lowering of arterial pressure Dullness of cordial tones Involuntary urination and defecation
370 Acute appendicitis	The pains in the right ileal area accruing at dynamic supervision Reduction of the specified pains in situation on the right side Temperature increase to subfebrile figures Vomiting is possible Intestines dysfunction (obstipatsio or liquid chair) Lag of a front abdominal wall in the act of breath Damage of muscles of a front abdominal wall at a stomach palpation Positive symptom of Shchetkin-Blyumberg Positive symptom of Sitkovsky The neutrophylic leukocytosis and SOE accruing in dynamics
371 Aspiration of a foreign body	Sudden attack of a severe cough against full health Asthma Cyanosis Retraction of a thorax in the field of supraclavicular hollows, intercostal spaces, a xiphoidal shoot on a breath Rigid breath Radiological — an atelectasis site, Goltsknekhta-Jacobson's symptom
372 Asthmatic status, first stage	The expressed respiratory insufficiency Expiratory asthma Unproductive cough Smoothness of intercostal spaces Bandbox shade of a pulmonary sound The weakened breath, the scattered dry, whistling rattles Absence of effect of administration of adrenaline
373 Asthmatic status, second stage	The expressed respiratory insufficiency The expressed expiratory asthma Considerable bandbox sound at percussion over lungs Auskultativno — a mute lung Tachycardia
374 Asthmatic status, third stage (hypoxemic coma)	The consciousness is absent Widespread cyanosis Xeroderma and mucous Barrel-shaped shape of a thorax Sharply expressed bandbox sound over lungs Lack of rattles and respiratory noise at auscultation of lungs Dullness of cordial tones The expressed bradycardia
375 Atsetonemichesky state	1 Development of clinical symptomatology after the use in food of the products containing fats or against a SARS 2 Repeated vomiting 3 Pristupoobrazny abdominal pains 4 An acetone smell from a mouth 5 Dryness of integuments and mucous 6 Decrease in elasticity of skin 7 Retraction of eyes 8 Neutrophylic leukocytosis 9 Normal content of sugar in blood 10 Sharply positive reaction of urine to acetone
376 Botulism	1 Emergence of symptoms in 12 — 72 hours after the use of the infected food 2 Deterioration in health 3 Dizziness 4 Diplopia 5 Decrease in hearing 6 Weight in a stomach 7 Nausea 8 Vomiting 9 Xeroderma and mucous 10 Tachycardia
377 Bronchial asthma, attack	1 The expressed expiratory asthma 2 Unproductive pristupoobrazny cough 3 Percussion and bandbox shade of a pulmonary sound 4 Auskultativno — the dry whistling rattles against the weakened breath 5 The roentgenogram — emfizematoz
378 Gemolitiko-uremichesky syndrome of Gasser	Pallor of skin, existence of hemorrhages Oliguria Splenomegaly Urine of dark yellow or brownish-red color Hemolitic anemia Thrombocytopenia
379 Hemolitic crisis at Minkowski-Shoffara's anemia	Temperature increase to febrile figures Vomiting Abdominal pains Asthma Ikterichnost of scleras Yellowness of integuments Pulse increase Hepatolienal syndrome Anemia, reticulocytosis Decrease in osmotic resistance of erythrocytes Price-Jones curve shift to the left Increase of level of an indirect bilirubin Increase of level of urobilin in urine Microspherocytosis
380 Lung hemosiderosis (crisis)	Sudden aggravation of symptoms Temperature increase to 38 — 40 With Abdominal pains and behind a breast Cough with a phlegm Gemoptoe Perkutorno — a site of shortening of a pulmonary sound Auskultativno — a set of mixed wet rattles in lungs Radiological in lungs — oblakovidny shadows and sites of emphysema Existence of siderophages in a phlegm
381 Hyper thermal syndrome	Temperature increase over 38,5 Pallor of integuments Decrease in a muscle tone Frequent shallow breathing Tachycardia Priglushennost of cordial tones Lowering of arterial pressure
382 Hypoglycemic state	Sharp feeling of hunger Concern Weakness Tremor of extremities Hyperhidrosis Pallor of skin Tachycardia Spasms Hypoglycemia
383 DVS — a syndrome, the I stage (a hypercoagulation stage)	Needle thrombosing at venipunctures Pallor High systolic ABP Hyperthermia, resistant to antipyretic therapy Hyperglobulia, thrombocytosis, sharp increase of SOE Increase of level of fibrinogen Increase of a prothrombin ratio The compensated metabolic acidosis
384 DVS — a syndrome, the II stage (blood circulation centralization)	Cold integuments, their sharp pallor or mramornost Hemorrhagic rash Slackness, block
	Increase of the systolic and diastolic ABP Progressing of a hyperthermia Anemia, decrease in level of thrombocytes Decrease in levels of fibrinogen and prothrombin Decompensated metabolic acidosis
385 DVS — a syndrome, the III stage (herds of an afibrinogenemiya)	Hemorrhagic rash Bleedings from places of injections Hematemesis Bloody diarrhea The progressing anemia, thrombocytopenia Afibrinogenemiya Decompensated metabolic acidosis
386 Retropharyngeal abscess	Intoxication Hyperthermia Pain when swallowing Difficulty of breath Nasal shade of a voice Puffiness of peritonsillar area on the party of defeat Pharynx hyperemia Neutrophylic leukocytosis, the increased SOE
387 Invagination	The acute abdominal pains having pristupoobrazny character Vomiting in the period of an attack of abdominal pains Chair delay Release of the blood mixed with slime from an anus Meteorism Tension of a front abdominal wall in the period of an attack of abdominal pains Intussusceptum palpation in the vnepristupny period Detection of a local shadow of an abdominal cavity, at some patients — Kloyber's bowls (horizontal levels of liquid in guts) at survey roentgenoscopy of an abdominal cavity) Irrigoskopiya — defect of filling
388 The coma is diabetic	The consciousness is absent Kusmaul's breath Acetone smell from a mouth Normal body temperature Oliguria Sharp pallor Dryness of integuments Decrease in elasticity of skin Dry, hyperemic language The expressed hypomyotonia Decrease in a tone of eyeglobes Small frequent pulse Lowering of arterial pressure Ekstr asystolia or ciliary arrhythmia Hypo - or an areflexia Hyperglycemia Glucosuria Giperketonemiya Gnpernatrnemiya, hypopotassemia, hypochloraemia High relative density of urine
389 Bleeding is gastric	Vomiting "a coffee thick" Tar-like chair Weakness Pallor Tachycardia Priglushennost of cordial TONES Lowering of arterial pressure Breath increase Anemia Positive reaction of Gregersen
390 Bleeding from upper parts of intestines	Tar-like chair Weakness Pallor Tachycardia Priglushennost of cordial tones Breath increase Anemia Positive reaction of Gregersen
391 Bleeding from lower parts of intestines	Scarlet blood in a chair Weakness Pallor Breath increase Tachycardia Priglushennost of cardiac sounds Anemia Positive reaction of Gregersen
392 Laryngospasm	It is observed at children in the rickets reconvalescence period Appears suddenly, more often in a spring season Deep noisy breath Pallor, Crocq's disease Cold sweat Neck muscle tension Lack of reaction of pupils to light Threadlike pulse
393 Urolithiasis, attack	Kolikoobrazny abdominal pains Dysuric frustration Intoksikatsionny syndrome Hamaturia, leykotsiturnya, salts in urine Radiological — concrements in kidneys or urinary tract
394 Neurotoxicosis, irritativny phase	Sharp concern Vomiting Tremor of extremities The hyperthermia 39 — 39,5 which is removed antipyretics Hyperesthesia Increase of tendon jerks Hyperemia of integuments Increase of systolic arterial pressure The tachycardia corresponding to a hyperthermia
395 Neurotoxicosis, soporous phase	The consciousness is kept Slackness, sharply expressed block Maskoobraznost of the person Increase of neuromuscular excitability The resistant hyperthermia which is stopped at the combined use of antipyretics and vasodilators Mramornost of integuments Cold snap of extremities Positive symptom of a white spot Tachycardia, corresponding hyperthermia Increase of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure Development of the IDCS is possible
396 Neurotoxicosis, average brain coma	The consciousness is absent Motive automatism Spasms Hyperthermia 40 * above, and giving in to effect of antipyretics and vasodilators
396 Neurotoxicosis, average brain coma	Meningeal signs are possible Pallor Mramornost of integuments Crocq's disease The symptom of a white spot keeps several minutes Increase of a muscle tone The sharp tachycardia which is replaced bradycardia Lowering of arterial pressure
397 Neurotoxicosis, trunk coma	The consciousness is absent The rare spasms arising against hypoxemic attacks Cyanosis Sharp decrease in a muscle tone Hyporeflexia Expansion of pupils with a weak photoharmose Bradycardia Lowering of arterial pressure
398 Neurotoxicosis, terminal coma	The consciousness is absent There are no spasms There is no deglutitory reflex Sharp decrease in a muscle tone Cyanosis Bradipnoe Respiratory arrhythmia Bradycardia Sharp lowering of arterial pressure
399 Syncope	The increasing weakness Dizziness Sonitus Numbness of extremities Blackout Loss of consciousness
400 Acute adrenal insufficiency	1 Nausea 2 Vomiting 3 Tachycardia 4 Deafs cardiac sounds 5 Pulse of weak filling 6 Breath like Cheyn-Stokes 7 Sharp hypotonia 8 Falling of arterial pressure 9 Preparetichesky state, intestines paresis
401 Acute renal failure, initial stage	1 Emergence of symptoms against a basic disease 2 Slackness 3 Loss of appetite 4 Pallor 5 Considerable decrease in diuresis 6 Hyposthenuria 7 The accruing azotemia 8 Hyperpotassemia 9 Hypernatremia
402 Acute renal failure, oligoanurichesky stage	1 Decrease in diuresis by 75% and more in relation to norm 2 Anorexia 3 Nausea 4 Headache 5 Skin itch 6 Spasms 7 Noisy, toxic breath 8 Unstable chair 9 Pallor with an ikterichny shade 10 Arrhythmia 11 Lowering of arterial pressure 12 Hyposthenuria 13 Increase of level of residual nitrogen, urea, creatinine in blood Acidosis Hyperpotassemia, gipermagniyemiya, hyperphosphatemia Hyponatremia, hypocalcemia
403 Acute vascular insufficiency	Sharp weakness Dizziness Pallor Skin Mramornost Fall of skin veins Cold snap of extremities Cold sweat Lowering of arterial pressure Tachycardia Pulse of weak filling and tension Priglushennost of cordial tones Mydriasis Oliguria
404 Fluid lungs	Forced position of the child with the raised upper half of a trunk Concern Cardialgias Asthma Plentiful allocation of a foamy phlegm of pink or yellowish color The bubbling noisy breath Grayish and cyanotic color of integuments Wet rattles in lungs The speeded-up pulse of small filling Shift of the left border of heart of a knaruzha Tachycardia Dullness of the I tone at a top, accent of the II tone over a pulmonary artery
412 Potassium poisoning with permanganate	Morbidity when swallowing The raised sialosis Pains in an anticardium Vomiting with streaks and clots Chair with blood Cardiovascular insufficiency Hepatomegalia Oliguria Increase of level of transaminases, residual nitrogen, creatinine, urea in blood
413 Poisoning with acids	Motive and hyperphrenia The expressed morbidity of the struck mucous Repeated vomiting with blood Liquid chair with blood impurity Sharp hyperemia, puffiness and bleeding mucous mouth, pharynx, almonds The scab is dense, superficial, not getting deeply into fabrics Hoarse voice, up to a full aphonia The expressed exophthalmos The tachycardia reaching degree paroxysmal Priglushennost of cordial tones Increase of arterial pressure
414 Poisoning with xanthines	Increase of a physical activity Spasms Orientation disturbance Expansion of pupils with the kept photoharmose Hallucinations, nonsense Vomiting
414 Poisoning with xanthines	Emetic masses in the form of a coffee thick The speeded-up, deep breath Tachycardia Lowering of arterial pressure
415 Poisoning with arsenic	Headache Nonsense Repeated vomiting Emetic masses with bile and blood Difficulty when swallowing Polydipsia Tetanic spasms Megalgias in a stomach The frequent chair reminding rice broth Calves pains Decrease in body temperature Dryness of integuments Decrease in turgor of fabrics Frequent pulse of weak filling Lowering of arterial pressure
416 Poisoning narcotic analgetics	Stupor Bradipnoe Periodically arising an apnoea Spasms Sharp narrowing of pupils Loss of reaction of pupils to light Oliguria and obstipatsio
417 Poisoning with mercury vapors	Cough Asthma Cyanosis Fever Frequent liquid chair The drowsiness which is replaced a hyperexcitability Radiological — emphysema, atelectases, pheumothorax
418 Poisoning with mercury drugs	Nausea Repeated vomiting with blood impurity Stomatitis Abdominal pains Tenesmus Frequent liquid chair with blood impurity Priglushennost of cordial tones Tachycardia Systolic noise Hepatomegalia Oliguria The hypochromia anemia, leukocytosis increased by SOE Proteinuria, hamaturia, hyaline and granular cylindruria
419 Poisoning with iron preparations	Repeated vomiting The emetic mass of brown color with blood impurity Chair with blood impurity Cyanosis Frequent pulse of small filling Sharp falling of arterial pressure Black-out
420 Poisoning with antihistaminic means	Slackness Block Hypomyotonia Hyperkinetic syndrome Kloniko-tonichesky spasms
421 Poisoning with helminthicides	Concern, sensation of fear Cephalalgia Ataxy Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Hypomyotonia Spasms Urtikarny rash
422 Poisoning protivo-epileptic means	Vomiting Dysphagy Photophobia The expressed ataxy Dysarthtia Dizziness Hallucinations Diplopia Tremor Mydriasis Lateral and vertical nystagmus Increase of deep tendon jerks Temperature increase Skin rashes
423 Poisoning with Reserpinum	Slackness The child quickly falls asleep, but he can be woken easily Dermahemia, persons, necks, trunks Injetsirovannost of scleras Puffiness and hyperemia of a mucous mouth, pharynx, nose Difficulty of nasal breath The child speaks "very softly" Bradycardia Decrease in systolic arterial pressure
424 Poisoning with salicylates	Vomiting in the form of "a coffee thick" Unstable chair with blood impurity Hyperpnea Hyperthermia Sonitus Hyperemia of integuments Hyperhidrosis Hyperglycemia Glucosuria
425 Poisoning lead	Hyperexcitability Spasms Nape muscle tension Mydriasis Strabismus Nystagmus Persistent vomiting Anemia The increased content of lead in blood (more than 0,03 mg of %) Increase of content of lead in urine more than 0,08 mg/l Increase of content of coproporphyrin and delta and aminolevulinic acid more than 0,09 mg of % Radiological — "lead strips" (cross more dense tapes in zones of preliminary calcification of tubular bones)
426 Poisoning with cardiac glycosides	Nausea Vomiting Cephalalgia Decrease in visual acuity Bradycardia Ekstrasistoliya ECG — disturbance of processes of conductivity, excitability, repolarization
427 Poisoning with tranquilizers	Drowsiness Muscular relaxation Sinus arrhythmia Lowering of arterial pressure up to a collapse The phenomena of a collapse precede respiratory depression and a mental depression
428 Poisoning with carbon monoxide	Decrease in attention Disturbance of ability to distinguish short intervals of time Weakening of perception of light
428 Poisoning with carbon monoxide	The accruing headache Dizziness Sonitus Nausea Vomiting Blue-crimson color of integuments Crimson-red shade of mucous Hypomyotonia Discontinuous breath Falling of arterial pressure
429 Poisoning with fenotiazinovy derivatives	Dizziness Drowsiness Xeroderma and mucous Hypomyotonia Tachycardia Intestines paresis On ECG disturbance of processes of conductivity, excitability, repolarization
430 Poisoning with organophosphorous connections	Adynamia Accommodation spasm Expiratory asthma Hypersalivation Vomiting Diarrhea Pollakiuria Abdominal pains Tachycardia 10 Increase of arterial pressure
431 Poisoning with organochlorine compounds	Cephalalgia Dizziness Weakness Extremity pains Fever Numbness of language Tremor of distal departments of extremities Sharp pallor Cold clammy sweat Conjunctivitis Hypostasis of a mucous mouth and throat Ekstrasistoliya
432 Poisoning with alkalis	Sharp morbidity of the struck mucous Cough with an otkhozhdeniye of a mucous, bloody phlegm Dispnoe Hoarse voice Cyanosis Friable, deep scab in the place of defeat Tachycardia Priglushennost of cordial tones
433 Pancreatitis is acute	Sharp abdominal pain of the surrounding character Nausea Vomiting Subfebrile condition Obstipatsio Pallor of integuments Dryness of language, oblozhennost its whitish or dirty-gray plaque The speeded-up, shallow breathing Tachycardia Priglushennost of cardiac sounds Meteorism Testovatost of fabrics in the left upper half of a stomach and in the field of the left costovertebral corner At a stomach palpation — muscular La Défense Positive symptoms of Kerte, Kacha, Mayo-Robsona, Of St. George at the left Hyperamilasemia Hyperamilasuria
434 Bouveret's disease	Dizziness Feeling of a pulsation in temples Impossibility of a full breath Sensation of fear Feeling of the strengthened heartbeat Pains in an anticardium Nausea Excitement of the child Asthma The strengthened pulsation of cervical vessels Pallor Hyperhidrosis Pulse is frequent, small filling Heart rate more than 150 in a minute at children of advanced age and more than 200 in a minute at children of younger age The loud, clapping tones Polyuria ECG myocardial dystrophy
435 Pheumothorax is spontaneous	Sharp aggravation of symptoms Concern of the child Frequent, shallow breathing Dry, pristupoobrazny cough Pallor Participation in the act of breath of auxiliary muscles Lag in the act of breath of the struck party Percussion sound with a bandbox shade on the party of pheumothorax Auskultativno — on the party of pheumothorax the weakened breath Tachyarrhythmia Radiological — mediastinum shift aside, opposite to pheumothorax
436 Diabetes mellitus, prekomatozny state	Apathy Drowsiness Appetite loss Headache Abdominal pains Vomiting Oliguria Dryness of integuments and mucous Tachypnea Tachycardia Hyperglycemia Glucosuria Ketonuria
437 Saturinizm	Pallor with an earthy-grayish shade Lead border at a neck of teeth Dispepsichesky frustration Astheno - a vegetative syndrome Hypochromia anemia, anisocytosis, tendency to a microcythemia Basophilic and polychromatophilous stippling of erythrocytes Miyelogramma — eritroblastoz, basphilic normotsitoz, an oxyphilic normotsitopeniya
438 Heart failure, coronary	Sharp concern of the child The expressed cardialgias Frequent shallow breathing Pallor, Crocq's disease The tachycardia reaching the level of paroxysmal Degree of tachycardia does not correspond to degree of an asthma and a hyperthermia in the presence of the last The expressed dullness of cardiac sounds Meteorism On an ECG — symptoms of ischemia of a myocardium
439 Heart failure, left ventricular	Forced situation with the raised upper half of a trunk Asthma Cardialgias Cough Grayish and cyanotic color of integuments Wet rattles in lower parts of lungs with the subsequent their distribution to average and upper parts of lungs Expansion of relative dullness of heart to the left Dullness of the I tone at a top Emphasis of the II tone on a pulmonary artery The tachycardia which is not corresponding to temperature The speeded-up pulse of small filling
440 Heart failure, right ventricular	Cyanosis Pulsation of vessels of a neck Expansion of cordial dullness Easing of the II tone over a pulmonary artery The tachycardia which is not corresponding to temperature Increase in the sizes of a liver, its morbidity at a palpation Decrease in diuresis Increase of body weight Positive reaction of Makklyura-Aldrich
441 Scalded skin syndrome	1 The acute beginning of a disease connected with reception of medicines (antibiotics, streptocides, analgetics, blood preparations) or with infectious, more often staphylococcal process Fever Burning and moderate dermatalgia Pharyngalgia Back pains Existence of the large erntematozny spots on skin which are often merging and within several hours extending on all body Forming on site spots of large, flat, flabby bubbles or hemorrhages Positive symptom of Nikolsky
442 Ray's syndrome	Repeated vomiting Convulsive syndrome Pallor Hyperhidrosis Hemorrhagic syndrome Hepatomegalia Giperammoniyemiya Increase of activity of transaminases in blood serum Hypoglycemia Metabolic acidosis Prothrombinopenia
443 Stephens-Johnson's syndrome	The acute beginning of a disease against reception of streptocides, antibiotics or derivatives of pyrazyl ketone Fever Hyperemia and morbidity of mucous Emergence during the first hours diseases of an enanthesis of the person, a neck, a breast, extremities, palms, soles in the form of the dark red spots, papules, vesicles inclined to merge Obligatory localization of rashes in the field of natural foramens
444 A syndrome of chemical intoxication with a diffusion alopecia	The catarral phenomena from respiratory tracts Intoxication Increase of excitability of the central nervous system Hallucinations are possible Acute diffusion alopecia
445 The stenosing laryngotracheobronchitis	Quickly arises, usually, in the evening or at night against a SARS The barking cough Rough deep voice The complicated noisy breath Tachypnea Participation in the act of breath of auxiliary muscles Auskultativno — in lungs rigid breath Tachycardia
446 Uraemia	The consciousness is absent Motive concern Clonic spasms Began to smell urea from a mouth Fall of temperature of a body Breath like Cheyn-Stokes or the Biota Anury Dryness of integuments Hemorrhagic rash on skin Pulse is firm, it is intense Arterial pressure is increased Pericardial rub Mydriasis Positive symptom of Babinsky The anemia, leukocytosis increased by SOE Sharp increase of level of residual nitrogen, urea, creatinine in blood Hypocalcemia
447 Favism	Rapid development of symptomatology in a few minutes after inhalation of pollen of flowers of a plant of Vicia Fava or within a day after the use in food of horse beans High temperature Nausea, vomiting Headache The accruing jaundice The progressing gepatosplenomegaliya The progressing anemia, anizo-and a poikilocytosis, a polychromatophilia, formation of little bodies of Heinz Increase of level, indirect bilirubin in blood Gemoglobinouriya Deficit of enzyme glucose — 6 — fosfatdegidrogenaza
448 Cholecystitis is acute	Sudden beginning of a disease Colicy pains in right hypochondrium, amplifying in situation on the right side Temperature increase to febrile figures Nausea Vomiting Pallor Dryness of mucous Language Oblozhennost ochroleucous plaque Meteorism Lag of upper parts of a stomach in the act of breath Muscle tension of a front abdominal wall, especially, in right hypochondrium Positive symptom of Kerr Neutrophylic leukocytosis Ultrasonography — consolidation, a thickening of walls of a gall bladder
449 Eclampsia renal	Headache Drowsiness Vomiting Amblyopia Toniko-klonichesky spasms Breath like Cheyn-Stokes Increase of arterial pressure Oliguria Hamaturia Confusion of consciousness

According to Ostropolets S. S., V. N. Beet, Diagnostic syndromes of diseases of children's age.

"Diagnosis of disbolism at children		Diagnosis of nervous diseases"

To read still